Driving Licence Reform in the EU: What the New Rules Mean for Residents and Drivers

Cleuzina Cruz | Paralegal

Accessing and maintaining the right to drive within the European Union is a key practical issue for residents and increasingly mobile citizens. In response to growing cross-border mobility, technological innovation and road safety concerns, the European Union has adopted a new regulatory framework governing driving licences. These rules, which entered into force in November 2025, aim to modernise the system, harmonise procedures across Member States and strengthen enforcement mechanisms.

One of the most visible changes is the move towards digitalisation. Under the new framework, Member States are required to introduce an EU-wide digital driving licence, accessible through a secure digital identity wallet. This digital format is intended to facilitate cross-border recognition, reduce administrative burdens and simplify interactions with public authorities. Physical driving licences will, however, remain available for those who prefer or require them.

The revised rules place a strong emphasis on road safety, particularly for novice drivers. A mandatory probationary period of at least two years has been introduced for new drivers, during which stricter rules may apply regarding alcohol consumption, seat belt use and the transport of children. The legislation also allows Member States to introduce supervised driving schemes for 17-year-olds, enabling young drivers to gain experience before reaching the standard legal driving age.

Another significant development concerns the mutual recognition of driving disqualifications throughout the European Union. Serious traffic offences committed in one Member State, such as driving under the influence or excessive speeding, may now lead to driving bans that are enforceable across all EU countries. This measure addresses previous legal gaps that allowed drivers to evade sanctions by relocating or driving in another Member State.

The new rules also harmonise provisions on licence validity and medical fitness. Driving licences for cars and motorcycles will generally have a maximum validity of 15 years, with Member States retaining the option to require medical checks upon renewal, particularly for older drivers. Training and testing requirements have likewise been updated to reflect modern driving conditions, including greater awareness of vulnerable road users and the increasing use of advanced driver-assistance systems.

Although the legislation entered into force in November 2025, Member States have been granted a transitional period to adapt their national laws and administrative systems. As a result, the practical application of certain measures may vary temporarily between countries until full implementation is achieved.

At LVP Advogados, we assist clients in understanding how these new EU driving licence rules apply in Portugal, including licence exchanges, renewals and the recognition of foreign driving rights. Our team provides legal guidance to ensure compliance with both EU and national regulations during this transition period.

For tailored advice on how these changes may affect your specific situation, you may contact our team to assess the applicable requirements and next steps.